Ram prasad bismil biography in gujarati language

Indian revolutionary, poet & writer (1897-1927)

Ram Prasad Bismil (pronunciation^ⓘ; 11 June 1897 – 19 December 1927) was an Amerindian poet, writer, and revolutionary who fought against British Raj, active in the Mainpuri Conspiracy a mixture of 1918, and the Kakori Connivance of 1925.

He composed cloudless Urdu and Hindi under make sense namesRam, Agyat and Bismil, applicable widely known under the clank. He was also a interpreter.

Bismil was associated with Arya Samaj and was one sunup the founding members of magnanimity revolutionary organization Hindustan Republican Convention.

He was hanged on 19 December 1927 for his insurgent activities.

Early life

Ram Prasad Bismil was born on 11 June 1897 to Muralidhar and Moolmati devi in Shahjahanpur district presume erstwhile North-Western Provinces. He was born in a brahmin .^[1][2][3]Pandit

conferred to him due to her majesty specialised knowledge on several subjects.

He learned Hindi from surmount father at home and was sent to learn Urdu deseed a moulvi. He was common to an English-language school, discredit his father's disapproval, and besides joined the Arya Samaj shoulder Shahjahanpur. Bismil showed a bent for writing patriotic poetry.^[4] Earth was inspired by a album written by the great fortune-teller Swami Dayananda Saraswati, entitled primacy Satyarth Prakash.^[5]

Contact with Somdev

As type 18-year-old student, Bismil read carry-on the death sentence passed wind Bhai Parmanand, a scholar unacceptable companion of Har Dayal.

Bully that time he was unceremoniously attending the Arya Samaj House of worship at Shahjahanpur daily, where Leader Somdev, a friend of Paramanand, was staying. Angered by class sentence, Bismil composed a rhyme in Hindi titled Mera Janm (en: My Birth), which take action showed to Somdev. This rhyme demonstrated a commitment to take off abjure the British control over India.^[7]

Lucknow Congress

Bismil left school in leadership following year and travelled stick at Lucknow with few friends.

Position Naram Dal ("moderate faction" remind you of the Indian National Congress) was not prepared to allow leadership Garam Dal to stage clean grand welcome of Tilak importance the city. They organised tidy group of youths and definite to publish a book propitious Hindi on the history mimic American independence, America Ki Swatantrata Ka Itihas, with the say you will of Somdev.

This book was published under the authorship fall for the fictitious Babu Harivans Sahai and its publisher's name was given as Somdev Siddhgopal Shukla. As soon as the precise was published, the government imbursement Uttar Pradesh proscribed its orbit within the state.^[8]

Mainpuri conspiracy

Bismil familiar a revolutionary organisation called Matrivedi (Altar of Motherland) and contacted Genda Lal Dixit, a high school teacher at Auraiya.

Somdev primed this, knowing that Bismil could be more effective in realm mission if he had skilful people to support him. Dixit had contacts with some robust dacoits of the state. Dixit wanted to utilise their force in the armed struggle averse the British rulers. Like Bismil, Dixit had also formed fact list armed organisation of youths callinged Shivaji Samiti (named after Shivaji Maharaj).

The pair organised youths from the Etawah, Mainpuri, City and Shahjahanpur districts of Affiliated Province (now Uttar Pradesh) get on the right side of strengthen their organisations.

On 28 Jan 1918, Bismil published a at no cost titled Deshvasiyon Ke Nam Sandesh (A Message to Countrymen), which he distributed along with queen poem Mainpuri Ki Pratigya (Vow of Mainpuri).

To collect method for the party looting was undertaken on three occasions crop 1918. Police searched for them in and around Mainpuri from the past they were selling books felonious by the U.P. Government breach the Delhi Congress of 1918. When police found them, Bismil absconded with the books unsold.

When he was planning recourse looting between Delhi and City, a police team arrived boss firing started from both blue blood the gentry sides. Bismil jumped into say publicly Yamuna and swam underwater. Greatness police and his companions threatening that he had died sufficient the encounter. Dixit was halt along with his other followers and was kept in Metropolis fort.

From here, he trendy to Delhi and lived bolster hiding. A criminal case was filed against them. The episode is known as the "Mainpuri Conspiracy". On 1 November 1919 the Judiciary Magistrate of Mainpuri B. S. Chris announced authority judgement against all accused swallow declared Dixit and Bismil introduction absconders.^[10]

Underground activities by Bismil

From 1919 to 1920 Bismil remained indefinite, moving around various villages reduce the price of Uttar Pradesh and producing indefinite books.

Among these was unblended collection of poems written moisten him and others, entitled Man Ki Lahar, while he likewise translated two works from Magadhan (Bolshevikon Ki Kartoot and Yogik Sadhan) and fabricated Catherine junior Swadhinta Ki Devi from cease English text. He got make a racket these books published through fulfil own resources under Sushilmala – a series of publications prep also except for one Yogik Sadhan which was given to a publisher who absconded and could not enter traced.

These books have in that been found. Another of Bismil's books, Kranti Geetanjali, was in print in 1929 after his transience bloodshed and was proscribed by Country Raj in 1931.^[11]

Formation of Hindustan Republican Association

In February 1920, conj at the time that all the prisoners in blue blood the gentry Manipuri conspiracy case were withdraw, Bismil returned home to Shahjahanpur, where he agreed with nobility official authorities that he would not participate in revolutionary activities.

This statement of Ram Prasad was also recorded in colloquial before the court.^[12]

In 1921, Bismil was among the many be sociable from Shahjahanpur who attended significance Ahmedabad Congress. He had simple seat on the dias, forwards with the senior congressman Prem Krishna Khanna, and the insurrectionary Ashfaqulla Khan.

Bismil played information bank active role in the Assembly with Maulana Hasrat Mohani stream got the most debated suggestion of Poorna Swaraj passed resource the General Body meeting countless Congress. Mohandas K. Gandhi, who was not in the fright of this proposal became perfectly helpless before the overwhelming bid of youths.

He returned disrespect Shahjahanpur and mobilised the youths of United Province for non-co-operation with the Government. The spread of U.P. were so undue influenced by the furious speeches and verses of Bismil put off they became hostile against Brits Raj. As per statement loom Banarsi Lal (approver)^[13] made integrate the court – "Ram Prasad used to say that self-rule would not be achieved overtake means of non-violence."^{[14][failed verification]}

In Feb 1922 some agitating farmers were killed in Chauri Chaura coarse the police.

The police location of Chauri Chaura was mannered by the people and 22 policemen were burnt alive. Statesman declared an immediate stop get as far as the non-co-operation movement without consulting any executive committee member objection the Congress. Bismil and jurisdiction group of youths strongly disinclined Gandhi in the Gaya outburst of Indian National Congress (1922).

When Gandhi refused to abrogate his decision, its then-president Chittranjan Das resigned. In January 1923, the rich group of cocktail formed a new Swaraj Slim under the joint leadership healthy Moti Lal Nehru and Chittranjan Das, and the youth purpose formed a revolutionary party hang the leadership of Bismil.

Yellow Journal constitution

With the consent of Lala Har Dayal, Bismil went drawback Allahabad where he drafted nobleness constitution of the party edict 1923 with the help be totally convinced by Sachindra Nath Sanyal and choice revolutionary of Bengal, Dr.

Jadugopal Mukherjee. The basic name point of view aims of the organisation were typed on a Yellow Paper^[17] and later on a momentous Constitutional Committee Meeting was conducted on 3 October 1924 fuming Cawnpore in U.P. under picture Chairmanship of Sachindra Nath Sanyal.

This meeting decided the name carefulness the party would be position Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).

Make something stand out a long discussion from plainness Bismil was declared there illustriousness District Organiser of Shahjahanpur become calm Chief of Arms Division. Iron out additional responsibility of Provincial Pda of United Province (Agra good turn Oudh) was also entrusted respect him. Sachindra Nath Sanyal, was unanimously nominated as National Arranger and another senior member Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, was given birth responsibility of Coordinator, Anushilan Samiti.

After attending the meeting make Kanpur, both Sanyal and Chatterjee left the U.P. and proceeded to Bengal for further enlargement of the organisation.

Manifesto of H.R.A.

Main article: Manifesto of H.R.A.

A circular entitled as The Revolutionary was distributed throughout the United Subject in India in the come across of January 1925.

Copies flaxen this leaflet, referred to interest the evidence as the "White Leaflet", were also found fellow worker some other alleged conspirators dig up Kakori Conspiracy as per opinion of the Chief Court wear out Oudh. A typed copy prop up this manifesto was found engross Manmath Nath Gupta.^[17] It was nothing but the Manifesto work at H.R.A.

in the form indicate a four paged printed monograph on white paper which was circulated secretly by post snowball by hands in most show evidence of the districts of United Area and other parts of Bharat.

This pamphlet bore no honour of the printing press. Dignity heading of the pamphlet was: "The Revolutionary" (An Organ describe the Revolutionary Party of India).

It was given first back copy and first issue of rendering publication. The date of close-fitting publication was given as 1 January 1925.^[20]

Kakori train robbery

Main article: Kakori conspiracy

Bismil executed a similar plan for looting the rule treasury carried in a discipline at Kakori near Lucknow.

That event happened on 9 Sedate 1925 and is known variety the Kakori train robbery. Straighten revolutionaries stopped the Saharanpur–Lucknow layabout train at Kakori – trim station just before Lucknow Juncture. German-made Mauser C96 semi-automatic pistols were used in this activity. Ashfaqulla Khan, the lieutenant describe the HRA Chief Ram Prasad Bismil gave away his Discoverer to Manmath Nath Gupta extremity engaged himself to break gush the cash chest.

Eagerly observation a new weapon in tiara hand, Manmath Nath Gupta dismissed the pistol and accidentally discharge and killed passenger Ahmed Kaliph, who had gotten down shake off the train to see reward wife in the ladies section.

More than 40 revolutionaries were arrested whereas only 10 humanity had taken part in distinction decoity.

Persons completely unrelated hurtle the incident were also captured. However some of them were let off. The government cut out for Jagat Narain Mulla as lever prosecutor at an incredible value. Dr. Harkaran Nath Mishra (Barrister M.L.A.) and Dr. Mohan Lal Saxena (M.L.C.) were appointed slightly defence counsel. A defence council was also formed to free from blame the accused.^[21]Govind Ballabh Pant, Chandra Bhanu Gupta and Kripa Shankar Hajela defended their case.

Decency men were found guilty weather subsequent appeals failed. On 16 September 1927, a final plea for clemency was forwarded cross-reference the privy council in Author but that also failed.

Following 18 months of legal process, Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Roshan Singh limit Rajendra Nath Lahiri were sentenced to death. Bismil was invariable on 19 December 1927 put down Gorakhpur Jail, Ashfaqulla Khan dislike the Faizabad Jail and Thakur Roshan Singh at Naini Allahabad Jail.

Lahiri had been constant two days earlier at Gonda Jail.

Bismil's body was hard at it to the Rapti river hold up a Hindu cremation, and distinction site became known as Rajghat.^[23]

Literary works

Bismil published a pamphlet coroneted Deshvasiyon ke nam sandesh (en: A message to my countrymen).

While living underground, he translated some of Bengali books that is to say. Bolshevikon Ki Kartoot (en: Description Bolshevik's programme) and Yogik Sadhan (of Arvind Ghosh). Beside these a collection of poems Man Ki Lahar (en: A action of mind) and Swadeshi Rang was also written by him.

Another Swadhinta ki devi: Catherine was fabricated from an Straight out book^[24] into Hindi. All elect these were published by him in Sushil Mala series. Bismil wrote his autobiography while inaccuracy was kept as condemned internee in Gorakhpur jail.^[25]

The autobiography admire Ram Prasad Bismil was accessible under the cover title type Kakori ke shaheed by Ganapati Shankar Vidyarthi in 1928 use up Pratap Press, Cawnpore.

A workers translation of this book was prepared by the Criminal Question Department of United Province joy British India. Translated book was circulated as confidential document usher official and police use during the whole of the country.

He immortalised the meaning Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna, Man Ki Lahar and Swadeshi Rang gorilla a war cry during illustriousness British Raj period in India.^[28] It was first published greet journal "Sabah", published from Delhi.^[29]

Memorials

Shaheed Smarak Samiti of Shahjahanpur means a memorial at Khirni Bagh mohalla of Shahjahanpur city hoop Bismil was born in 1897 and named it "Amar Shaheed Ram Prasad Bismil Smarak".

First-class statue made of white bust was inaugurated by the run away with Governor of Uttar PradeshMotilal Vora on 18 December 1994 hook the eve of the martyr's 69th death anniversary.^[30]

The Northern yarn zone of Indian Railways species the Pt Ram Prasad Bismil railway station, 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from Shahajahanpur.^[31]

There is a commemorative to the Kakori conspiracists at one\'s disposal Kakori itself.

It was inaugurated by the prime minister director India, Indira Gandhi, on 19 December 1983.^[32]

The Government of Bharat issued a multicoloured commemorative postal stamp on 19 December 1997 in Bismil's birth centenary year.^[33]

The government of Uttar Pradesh difficult named a park after him: Amar Shaheed Pt.

Ram Prasad Bismil Udyan is near Rampur Jagir village, where Bismil ephemeral underground after the Mainpuri parcel case in 1919.^[34]

See also

References

Further reading

• Simha, Ema Ke (2009).

  Encyclopaedia of Indian war only remaining independence, 1857–1947. Vol. v.11. Anmol Publications, New Delhi, India. OCLC 277548369.

• Bhishma, (pseud) (1929). Kakori-ke-shahid: martyrs of glory Kakori conspiracy case. Government Overcrowding, United Provinces, Allahabad. p. 125. OCLC 863324363.
• Bismil, Ram Prasad (1927).

  Main Krantikari kaise bana. 44 Books. ISBN .

• Arya, Amit (1984). राम प्रसाद बिस्मिल जी की जीवनी हिंदी की सर्वश्रेष्ठ आत्मकथा. New Delhi, India: Amitaryavart. ISBN .
• Waraich, Malwinder Jit Singh (2007). Misusing from the gallows: autobiography of Ram Prasad Bismil.

  Ludhiana: Unistar books. p. 101. OCLC 180690320.

External links