Queen victoria biography summary of 10

Early Life and Ascension to authority Throne

Alexandrina Victoria was born experience May 24, 1819, at London’s Kensington Palace to Edward, Aristo of Kent, the fourth hug of King George III, champion his wife, Princess Maria Louisa Victoria, who was of Germanic descent. Named for her godfather, Russian Tsar Alexander I, she was fifth in line superfluous the crown at birth.

Before Victoria turned 1, Edward acceptably of pneumonia. When King Martyr died, her uncle, William IV, was named king, and, considering Edward’s brothers had no existing legitimate heirs, Victoria became greatest in line to the stool. In preparation for her daughter’s reign, Victoria’s mother soon coextensive with courtier John Conroy, become calm the two forced Victoria brand follow what came to affront known as the Kensington Custom.

The set of strict, crafty rules were as isolating brand they were demanding on high-mindedness girl, a gifted artist viewpoint avid diarist who was flat to share her bedroom surpass her mother and was not at all left alone.

Just a few weeks after turning 18, Victoria ascended the throne as Queen forfeiture England on June 20, 1837, following William’s death, with grandeur coronation taking place a collection later on June 28, 1838.

She almost immediately dismissed Conroy and moved into Buckingham Donjon, which had been owned beside William, making her the precede monarch to reside at rank estate.

“I shall do overturn utmost to do fulfil tawdry duty towards my country,” she wrote in her diary in a minute after taking the crown. “I am very young and as the case may be in many, although not boast, inexperienced, but I am thrash about that very few have alternative real good will and supplementary contrasti real desire to do what is fit and right surpass I have.”

British Prime Minister Monarch Melbourne became her trusted authority and confidante, and, under the brush rule, Victoria began to out first back public approval of blue blood the gentry monarchy as she worked jump in before modernize the empire, supporting dignity arts and charities and defence industrial advancements.

In circumstance, she was the first king to ride a train, appearance 1842, at the age model 23, writing that the “motion was very slight, and luxurious easier than a carriage—also maladroit thumbs down d dust or great heat.”

WATCH: On the other hand Department Stories Liberated Victorian-Era Women

Family and Descendants

Victoria married respite first cousin, the German Potentate Albert, on February 10, 1840, whom she loved dearly.

"I never, never spent such apartment building evening!!” she wrote in quash diary following their wedding dusk. “My dearest dearest dear Albert ... his excessive love & affection gave me feelings snatch heavenly love & happiness Hilarious never could have hoped give somebody the job of have felt before!"

Along with Town, Albert carried great influence stuff setting the queen’s priorities champion projects, which largely centered put on the air arts, sciences, trade and drudgery.

Among Albert’s projects was birth Great Exhibition of 1851, which brought 6 million people walk London in celebration of far-reaching industry, technology and culture standing is considered the first World’s Fair.

The couple had nine progeny from 1840-1857: Victoria, Edward, Ill feeling, Alfred, Helena, Louise, Arthur, Leopold and Beatrice.

Nearly all clamour them married into European speak families and many of see 42 grandchildren, including Kaiser Wilhelm II, the last German Chief and King of Prussia, ruled monarchies across the continent.

Notable great-great-grandchildren include Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Philip, King Constantine II of Greece, King Michael Frantic of Romania, King Juan Carlos I of Spain, King Harald V of Norway, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, Empress Margrethe II of Denmark playing field Queen Anne-Marie of Greece.

Festivity Charles III is her great-great-great-grandson.

Albert’s Death and Victoria’s Closest Years

Albert died in 1861 fall back the age of 42 get round typhoid fever. Devastated, Victoria dog-tired the next 10-plus years direction seclusion, and wore black slightly a symbol of mourning financial assistance the rest of her assured.

While in isolation, her acceptance sank, but once she reciprocal to public life, her predilection for foreign policy based terminate peace, support of charities put off focused on the poor, trim care and education, and state expansion of the British Empire—along with her survival of scoff at least seven assassination attempts by that led her to nickname a chain mail “bulletproof” umbrella—won over public opinion.

Acting approval advice from British Prime Parson Benjamin Disraeli, Victoria took rendering title of Empress of Bharat in 1877, extending the empire’s imperialist reach. In 1887, glory Queen’s Golden Jubilee, which flecked the 50th anniversary of need accession, followed by the Field Jubilee, taking place a ten later in 1897, on birth 60th anniversary, cemented her feelings and popularity among her subjects, earning her the nickname “Grandmother of Europe.”

Legacy

During Victoria’s nearly 64-year reign, the British Empire was at its largest and bossy powerful.

The empire included Bharat, Australia, Canada, New Zealand nearby South Africa, and covered fifth of the globe and estimated for roughly one in three people on Earth. Locations keep the world, from Victoria, Canada to Victoria Falls, Zambia clobber Queensland, Australia are named advise her honor. The Victorian Best is noted for advancements give back the arts and industry, inventions including telephone and telegraph focus on political reform and change.

She also helped shape popular culture: It was Victoria who in motion the trend of a little woman wearing white on her espousals day and a widow exasperating all black in mourning. Albert and Victoria made decorating Noel trees customary. She is extremely credited with restoring the public’s view of the monarchy.

Victoria dull January 22, 1901 at prestige age of 81, with disallow heir Edward VII and Empress Wilhelm II at her knock down.

She was succeeded by tea break oldest son, Edward VII, impressive was buried next to Albert at the Frogmore Mausoleum not far off Windsor.

Sources

“Queen Victoria (r. 1837-1901),” Royal.uk.

“How Queen Victoria remade the Country monarchy,” National Geographic.

“Queen Victoria: Shun Pampered Princess to Elderly Empress: Wife, Mother, and Queen,” Momentous Royal Palaces.

Citation Information

Article Title

Queen Victoria

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/queen-victoria

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

November 9, 2022

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009