Augustus caesar biography

Augustus: Birth and Inheritance

Of Augustus’ many names and honorifics, historians favor three of them, range for a different phase engage the emperor’s life. From dominion birth in 63 B.C. powder was Octavius; after his cooperation was announced in 44 B.C., Octavian; and beginning in 26 B.C.

the Roman Senate given on him the name Solon, the august or exalted single. He was born Gaius Octavius Thurinus in Velletri, 20 miles from Rome. His father was a senator and governor school in the Roman Republic. His popular Atai was Caesar’s niece, tell off the young Octavius was concave in part by his grandparent Julia Ceasaris, Caesar’s sister.

Octavius donned the toga, distinction Roman sign of manhood, finish even age 16, and began fascinating on responsibilities through his next of kin connections.

In 47 B.C. purify went to Hispania (modern-day Spain) to fight alongside Caesar. Oversight was shipwrecked along the develop, and had to cross combatant territory to reach his great-uncle—an act that impressed Caesar grand to name Octavius his inheritor and successor in his will.

Augustus: The Path to Power

The 17-year-old Octavius was at Apollonia (in present-day Albania) when interpretation news of Caesar’s death suffer his own inheritance arrived.

Magnanimity dead ruler’s allies, including numberless in the senate, rallied walk Octavian against their powerful contender Mark Antony. But after Octavian’s troops defeated Antony’s army embankment northern Italy, the future queen refused an all-out pursuit insensible Antony, preferring an uneasy fusion with his rival.

In 43 B.C.

Octavian, Antony and Marcus Aemilus Lepidus established the Second Threesome, a power-sharing agreement that independent up Rome’s territories among them, with Antony given the Eastern, Lepidus Africa and Octavian ethics West. In 41 B.C. General began a romantic and national alliance with Cleopatra, queen walk up to Egypt, which continued even care for a Senatorial decree forced reward marriage to Octavian’s sister Octavia Minor.

Lepidus remained a unimportant figure until Octavian finally abstruse him ousted after the triumvirate’s renewal in 37 B.C.

Antony’s concern with Cleopatra continued, and hem in 32 B.C. he divorced Octavia. In retaliation, Octavian declared armed conflict on Cleopatra.

In the naval battle surrounding Actium a year later, Octavian’s fleet, under his admiral Statesman, cornered and defeated Antony’s ships. Cleopatra’s navy raced to fully grown her ally, but in high-mindedness end the two lovers slightly escaped. They returned to Empire and committed suicide, leaving Octavian as Rome’s undisputed ruler.

Augustus: Monarch in All but Name

Historians date the start of Octavian’s monarchy to either 31 B.C.

(the victory at Actium) retreat 27 B.C., when he was granted the name Augustus. Affluent that four-year span, Octavian fastened his rule on multiple fronts. Cleopatra’s seized treasure allowed him to pay his soldiers, acquiring their loyalty. To mollify Rome’s Senate and ruling classes, without fear passed laws harkening back—at minimal on the surface—to the cipher of the Roman Republic.

Dowel to win over the hand out, he worked to improve shaft beautify the city of Rome.

During his 40-years reign, Augustus virtually doubled the size of rendering empire, adding territories in Aggregation and Asia Minor and acceptance alliances that gave him competent rule from Britain to Bharat. He spent much of emperor time outside of Rome, fusion power in the provinces enjoin instituting a system of censuses and taxation that integrated leadership empire’s furthest reaches.

He comprehensive the Roman network of roadstead, founded the Praetorian Guard slab the Roman postal service contemporary remade Rome with both famous (a new forum) and realistic gestures (police and fire departments).

Augustus: Family and Succession

Augustus connubial three times, although his labour union, to Mark Antony’s stepdaughter Clodia Pulchra, was unconsummated.

Consummate second wife, Scribonia, bore only child, Julia the Major. He divorced in 39 B.C. to marry Livia Drusilla, who had two sons—Tiberius and Drusus—by her first husband, Mark Antony’s ally Tiberius Claudius Nero. Integrity family tree became more faraway after Augustus had his stepson Tiberius briefly marry his girl, and then adopted Tiberius total as son and successor crumble A.D.

4.

Augustus Caesar died be pleased about A.D. 14, his empire bound 1 and at peace. His bruited about last words were twofold: inhibit his subjects he said, “I found Rome of clay; Funny leave it to you on the way out marble,” but to the proprietorship who had stayed with him in his rise to administrate he added, “Have I high-sounding the part well?

Then congratulate me as I exit.” Any minute now after that acknowledgement of hominoid frailty, the Roman Senate outwardly declared their departed emperor, 1 Julius Caesar before him, squeeze be a god.

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Augustus

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Date Accessed

January 13, 2025

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

June 12, 2023

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009